Association between dietary intake, energy availability, and recovery in young sub-elite Moroccan football players.

چکیده اصلی

BACKGROUND: Energy availability is recognized as an important factor for health and performance in athletes, yet data in male football players and its relationship with post-exercise recovery remain limited. This study aimed to examine the associations between daily energy intake, energy availability, and recovery outcomes in football players. METHODS: Nineteen outfield U21 players (n = 19) from a national championship in Morocco were monitored over four in-season weeks. On one training day, one rest day and one official match day per week, players completed 24-h dietary recalls, from which energy intake and macronutrient intake were quantified using Nutrilog software. Exercise energy expenditure was estimated and energy availability was calculated. Internal load was assessed using session rating of perceived exertion, subjective recovery with the Perceived Recovery Status scale 24-h post-session, and neuromuscular recovery via countermovement jump height. RESULTS: Mean daily EI did not differ significantly between match, training, and rest days (p = 0.066), whereas EA was significantly lower on training days compared with match and rest days (both p ≤ 0.003). Higher EA was strongly associated with lower RPE (ρ = -0.597, p < 0.001) and modestly with higher PRS (ρ = 0.273, p = 0.001), while its association with CMJ was small and non-significant (ρ = 0.124, p = 0.132). Higher EI showed a moderate inverse correlation with RPE (ρ = -0.404, p < 0.001) and a small positive correlation with PRS (ρ = 0.173, p = 0.035), but no significant association with CMJ. Across EA categories, RPE, PRS and CMJ all differed significantly (p ≤ 0.014). CONCLUSION: Inadequate fueling relative to training demands leads to reduced EA, particularly on training days, and is associated with a lower recovery profile. Monitoring EA alongside simple field-based markers such as RPE and PRS may help practitioners identify periods of suboptimal fueling and adjust nutritional strategies accordingly.

ترجمه فارسی چکیده

مصرف انرژی روزانه در روزهای مسابقه، تمرین و استراحت تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت (p = 0.066)، در حالی که دسترسی انرژی (EA) در روزهای تمرین به طور معنی‌داری کمتر از روزهای مسابقه و استراحت بود (هر دو p ≤ 0.003). EA بالاتر با RPE پایین‌تر (ρ = -0.597, p < 0.001) و به طور محدود با PRS بالاتر (ρ = 0.273, p = 0.001) مرتبط بود، اما ارتباط آن با ارتفاع پرش معکوس (CMJ) کوچک و غیرمعنی‌دار بود (ρ = 0.124, p = 0.132). مصرف انرژی بالاتر با RPE پایین‌تر (ρ = -0.404, p < 0.001) و PRS بالاتر (ρ = 0.173, p = 0.035) همبستگی معکوس متوسط و مثبت کوچکی نشان داد، اما ارتباطی معنی‌دار با CMJ نداشت. در تمامی دسته‌بندی‌های EA، RPE، PRS و CMJ تفاوت‌های معنی‌داری مشاهده شد. سوخت‌رسانی ناکافی نسبت به نیازهای تمرینی منجر به کاهش EA، به ویژه در روزهای تمرین، و همراه با پروفایل بازسازی پایین‌تر است.

متن کامل اصلی