Formulation and characterization of 15d-PGJ2 loaded PLGA nanoparticles and in vitro evaluation of small intestinal submucosa integrated with nanoparticles for diabetic wound.

چکیده اصلی

Diabetic foot ulcers represent chronic and often non-healing wounds. Their treatment is particularly challenging due to persistent inflammation and infection, necessitating the exploration of innovative strategies for more effective therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to develop a biodegradable extracellular matrix-mimicking wound dressing with anti-inflammatory properties designed to control inflammation and support cell proliferation and migration in the wound area. The anti-inflammatory drug prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) was encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles (NPs). The average hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of 15d-PGJ2-loaded NPs were 261.6 nm and -14.3 mV, respectively, with a polydispersity index below 0.2. The entrapment efficiency and drug loading were 96.7% and 18.5%, respectively, with 50% of the drug released within 240 min. Cellular studies, including MTT assays and scratch tests, were performed to evaluate drug toxicity and determine the safe dose of NPs. Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) sheets were cross-linked with EDC/NHS and integrated with NPs. The modified scaffolds were subjected to in vitro characterization, including FTIR analysis, enzymatic degradation, swelling behavior, contact angle measurements, mechanical evaluation, and cell adhesion studies. They demonstrated a hydrophilic surface with suitable water adsorption capacity, a low degradation rate, enhanced mechanical strength, and effective interaction with fibroblast cells. The EDC-crosslinked SIS scaffold carrying anti-inflammatory NPs exhibited promising characteristics based on its physicochemical and biological properties. Thus, it can be considered a suitable option for diabetic wound healing.

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